Stakeholder Impact Chart

8.B Prioritize criteria and consider trade-offs that occur as a result of design changes to decide which changes to incorporate for the optimal homemade heater design.

During the team discussion to come to consensus on design changes, listen for students weighing the costs and benefits of making specific design changes and how the improvement in the design would outweigh any other negative impacts to stakeholder interests. Listen for how teams are coming to consensus in the event that they still don’t agree on which criteria to change.

Look for individual student responses justifying the choices they made to modify their design. They should include mention of how design features perform with respect to the criteria and constraints we defined, an explanation of the stakeholders who were affected by the changes, and a discussion of how the impacts on stakeholders weighed into their final decision.

What to do

During the team discussion, ask probing questions, such as the following:

In what ways does _______ change ______?

What evidence from the Consequences Chart helped you come to consensus?

Which stakeholders are most impacted by the change? In a positive, negative, or neutral way?

Does everyone agree which stakeholder interests are most important?

How did you navigate which criteria and constraints to change when your whole team didn’t agree? What was the strongest argument made for or against a certain change?

For individual responses, consider providing parallel examples to help struggling students see what a complete justification looks like with each required part of the parallel justification identified. Encourage students to highlight on the Stakeholder Impact Chart the important ideas that they want to include in their response. You may find or create sentence stems to help students get started with each section of the justification.

Additional Lesson 8 Teacher Guidance

SUPPORTING STUDENTS IN MAKING CONNECTIONS IN ELA

• CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.7.1.B Follow rules for collegial discussions, track progress toward specific goals and deadlines, and define individual roles as needed.
• CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.7.1.D Acknowledge new information expressed by others and, when warranted, modify their own views.

During this lesson, students will continue to follow expectations for teamwork, with the added challenge of making decisions about how to modify their designs. Students will work together to discuss and construct a chart of cascading consequences, which will provide a way to track their thinking about each proposed design change toward the goal of an improved design. The team will have to come to a consensus about the changes they will enact, which will require them to acknowledge the ideas of their teammates and possibly modify their own views about what ideas will best improve their design.